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Classics:

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January 22, 2023

Albert Schweitzer on the Reverence for Life

Philosophy in Quotes
Explore philosophy through its most famous quotes! Today: Philosopher and Theologian Albert Schweitzer on the Reverence for Life. (more...)
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January 6, 2023
Yamile Abdala Rioja

What does “March of the Penguins” have to do with Kant?

According to Kant, we wouldn’t be able to talk about ethics at all if we couldn’t see us as free beings who are capable of deciding. (more...)
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December 7, 2022
Christopher Tricker

The Cicada and the Bird

Chuang Tzu's ancient wisdom translated for modern life
For Chuang Tzu, the Tao is the surface isness (the presenting phenomenology) of things. Excerpt from the book The Cicada and the Bird by Christopher Tricker. (more...)
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December 2, 2022
Thomas O. Scarborough

Passing Beyond Descartes

Ever since René Descartes wrote, in 1641, ‘The mind is really distinct from the body,’ we have struggled with the mind-body problem. (more...)
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November 12, 2022
John Shand

Books that Lead You to Philosophy

Karl Popper: The Open Society and Its Enemies
What are the books that brought us to philosophy? For John Shand, philosophy professor at the Open University, it was Karl Popper’s “The Open Society and Its Enemies” (more...)
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September 19, 2022
Livio Rossetti

The Homeric Poems First of All

The poems of Homer, the Ilias and the Odyssey, mark the proper start of Greek civilization and can be seen as what shaped Greek identity, argues ancient philosophy Professsor Livio Rossetti. (more...)
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August 26, 2022
John Shand

Kant’s Categories and the Stevenson Screen

One way of thinking about and getting an understanding of Kant’s Categories is to draw an analogy with the Stevenson Screen. This article sheds light on what Kant’s Categories are and how they function in our understanding of the world. (more...)
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July 20, 2022

Five Most Inspiring Philosophy Books

Life-changing wisdom for your summer reading list
Looking for a life-changing summer read? Here are Daily Philosophy’s recommendations for five of the most inspiring books that everyone should know. (more...)
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June 7, 2022
Andrei Mirovan

Pyrrhonism: Some Clarifications

A reply to Stephen Leach
Compared to other Hellenistic schools of thought, like Stoicism and Epicureanism, Pyrrhonism was systematically neglected throughout the history of Western philosophy… (more...)
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The Ultimate Guide to Epicurus

Biography, ideas, books
A comprehensive overview of Epicurus’ philosophy of happiness. Epicurus is one of the few ancient philosophers who are more relevant today than they were in their own times. Learn all about him right here. (more...)
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Epicurus: A Guide to the Principal Doctrines

Text, commentary and study guide
The Principal Doctrines is the main work of Epicurus on happiness. This article presents the original text with explanations and discussion questions. It also includes tips for organising an Epicurus reading group or book club. (more...)
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The Ultimate Guide to the Philosophy of Erich Fromm

Biography, ideas, books
A comprehensive overview of Erich Fromm’s philosophy of happiness. We discuss his life, his ideas and his main works, both in their historical context and how they are still relevant for us today. (more...)
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David E. Cooper

Jeremy Bentham on Animal Ethics

Philosophy in Quotes
A history of philosophy in its most famous quotes. Today: Jeremy Bentham on the suffering of animals: “The question is not, Can they reason? nor, Can they talk? but, Can they suffer?” (more...)
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Socrates on Knowing Nothing

Philosophy in Quotes
Explore philosophy through its most famous quotes! Today: Socrates on knowing that you know nothing. (more...)
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Immanuel Kant on Means and Ends

Philosophy in Quotes
Explore philosophy through its most famous quotes! Today: Immanuel Kant on how to treat human beings. (more...)
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Marcus Aurelius on Opinions

Philosophy in Quotes
Explore philosophy through its most famous quotes. Today: Marcus Aurelius, Meditations: “It is in our power to have no opinion about a thing, and not to be disturbed in our soul…” (more...)
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Stephen Leach

In Praise of Pyrrhonian Scepticism

Radical scepticism has a good claim to be both the longest lasting tradition in philosophy and the consistently least popular. There’s a lot to be said for it. (more...)
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The Dialectic of Enlightenment

Horkheimer, Adorno and the Frankfurt School
The Frankfurt School is generally taken to mean a lose collection of thinkers who first congregated around the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. (more...)
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Taking the Crowded Bus of Life

Epictetus on the Stoic attitude
The ancient Greek philosopher Epictetus (50-135 AD), one of the most important Stoic philosophers in history, recommends seeing obstacles in our lives as opportunities to improve. (more...)
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Five More Inspiring Philosophy Books for Your Christmas

Our big Christmas gifts guide, part 2
Daily Philosophy’s recommendations for five more of the most inspiring books for your Christmas presents list. The best from Jill Taylor, John Stevens, Bill Porter, Eugen Herrigel and Aldous Huxley. With tips on whom to gift each book. (more...)
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The Stoic View of the Self

Being in someone else’s shoes
For the Stoics, everything that happens to us seems to have a special significance that the same event wouldn’t have if it happened to someone else. (more...)
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Lucius Annaeus Seneca

The two lives of a Stoic sage
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4 BC-65 AD) was a celebrated Roman writer, public speaker and philosopher and is today seen (alongside Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius) as one of the three greatest ancient Stoics. (more...)
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Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides

Plato and the Ancient Politics of Wine (2)

Part B. The Test of the Wine
Plato’s use of drunkenness, mainly in the Symposium but also in the Phaedrus, is a metaphor designed to defend Socrates’ philosophical inspiration. (more...)
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Stoic Control

How to stay calm in everyday life
At the core of the Stoic theory of happiness is our ability to control our thoughts. The wise man should try to exercise control over what they can control and not try to control what they cannot. (more...)
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What Does ‘Stoic’ Mean?

A short history of Stoicism
A ‘Stoic’ attitude to life aims to achieve lasting happiness by staying calm, rational and emotionally detached, while cultivating one’s virtues. (more...)
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Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides

Plato and the Ancient Politics of Wine

Part A. The Philosopher’s Drunken Vision
We discuss Plato’s description of Socrates’ philosophical inspiration as “drunkenness” and/or Dionysian mania; Plato’s metaphor draws on earlier Greek poetry. (more...)
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The Wisdom of the Dao

Main themes in the Dao De Jing
The Dao De Jing is often not so different from other philosophies of its time. Acting according to nature, virtue as a skill, and the Daoist praise of humility are reminiscent of similar passages in the works of Stoics, Epicureans and Aristotle. (more...)
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Dao De Jing: A Hermit’s Manual

Daoism and the hermit life
The Dao De Jing, one of the main books of Daoism, has always appealed to hermits. In this article, we look at it through a hermit’s eyes. (more...)
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Dao De Jing

The Taoist book of the Way
The Dao De Jing, literally “The Classic of the Way and the Virtue,” is traditionally attributed to an author known only as Lao Zi, which means “Old Master.” (more...)
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John Shand

Why We Should Read Descartes

The overall aim of Descartes’ philosophy is to found science on a secure and absolutely certain footing. Without that anything built by science would be open to doubt following from the weakness of its foundation. (more...)
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Living Epicurus Today

What is a 21st century Epicurean?
So has Epicurean living become so expensive today as to exclude most of us from practising it? Does one need to be rich in order to be able to afford the simple life? (more...)
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What Are Friends For?

Epicurus on Friendship
Epicurus’ view on the value of friends has often been romanticised and equally often misunderstood. Here, we discuss Epicurus’ philosophy of friendship. (more...)
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Epicurus: The Wise Man and the Fool

What’s wrong about being a happy fool?
The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus once wrote that “the misfortune of the wise is better than the prosperity of the fool.” But why would that be so? It becomes clearer when we look at Epicurus’ theory of desires. (more...)
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Kant’s Praiseworthy Motivation

Ethical behaviour can be demanding
A core feature of Kant’s ethics is his insistence on the value of one’s motivation for the morality of an action. As opposed to utilitarianism, Kant does not look at the consequences when judging actions, but only at what he calls the “good will.” (more...)
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It’s A New Sun Every Day

Heraclitus and Epicurus on accepting change
The ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus famously said that one cannot step into the same river twice. But what does this really mean? And what can we learn from this for our own lives? (more...)
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Old Age and Death

Epicurus on trouble in the soul
The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus emphasises that, in a world that works according to physical laws, nobody ought to be afraid of either the gods or one’s own death. (more...)
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Reading Epicurus: Pleasure and pain

Is happiness only the absence of pain?
For Epicurus, pleasure is nothing but the absence of pain. Pain can further be subdivided into pain of the body and trouble in the soul. (more...)
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Are some desires better than others?

Epicurus on what is natural and what is vain
Epicurus believed that the most reliable way to be happy is to reduce one’s desires until it’s easy to satisfy them. (more...)
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Epicureanism: The Basic Idea

Is it so hard to satisfy our senses?
Ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus (341-270 BC) believes that the way to ensure happiness throughout life is to reduce one’s desires so that they can be easily fulfilled. (more...)
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Epicurus (341-270 BC)

The misunderstood ascetic
Epicurus (341-270 BC) is often seen as an advocate of a luxurious life, rich in good food and other pleasures. This is incorrect. (more...)
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April 26, 121 AD: Marcus Aurelius is born

Reluctant emperor of Rome, fighter and Stoic philosopher
April 26, 121 AD marks the birthday of Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius, who still inspires us today with his sense of humility and duty. (more...)
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Infographic: Love - History of a Concept

A graphic timeline of love from ancient Greece to now
A timeline of the concept of love, from Plato and Aristotle, through early Christianity, courtly love and Christian mysticism, to romantic love and love towards robots. (more...)
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Timeline: The Life of Aristotle

An infographic of Aristotle’s life
A timeline of Aristotle’s life shown over a map of ancient Greece. (more...)
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Introductions to Philosophy

The three best books for the beginner
We discuss the three best introductory books to philosophy. (more...)
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Bertrand Russell on How to Find Happiness

The Conquest of Happiness
In his book “The Conquest of Happiness”, Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) presents a theory of happiness that is broadly Aristotelian. Russell thinks that what makes us happy is an active life, directed by a deep and sustained interest in the world. (more...)
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The Conquest of Unhappiness

Bertrand Russell proposes happiness as an antidote to envy. Someone who is happy will be content with what they have and will not be looking to compare themselves with others. (more...)
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The Conquest of Happiness and Why It Matters Today

Bertrand Russell on how to be happy
Bertrand Russell’s book ‘The Conquest of Happiness’ (1930) attempts to analyse the conditions for happiness in our modern world, focusing on the different mindsets of the unhappy and the happy person. (more...)
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Aristotle (384-322 BC)

Not all who wander are lost
Aristotle (384-322 BC), born in Stageira, Greece, is one of the most influential philosophers who ever lived. He worked not only in philosophy, but also wrote dozens of books on all topics, from astronomy and biology to literary theory. (more...)
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Bertrand Russell (1892-1970)

Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) was a British philosopher and writer, one of the most important analytic philosophers of the 20th century. (more...)
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Martha Nussbaum and the Capabilities Approach

What makes a human life worth living?
In the capabilities approach, philosopher Martha Nussbaum argues that a human life, in order to reach its highest potential, must include a number of “capabilities” – that is, of actual possibilities that one can realise in one’s life. (more...)
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How to Live an Aristotelian Life

Become happy through being good
Aristotle’s theory of happiness rests on three concepts: (1) the virtues; (2) phronesis or practical wisdom; and (3) eudaimonia or flourishing. (more...)
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One Year, Six Ways: A Philosophical Experiment

Daily Philosophy has an idea for this year’s resolution: live your life like a philosopher. Come along to the One Year, Six Ways project! (more...)
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Aristotle on being human

What is the function of human beings?
For Aristotle, happiness is connected to function. Everything in the universe has a function, and a happy human life is one in which we fulfil that function. (more...)
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Plato and Christianity

Perfection, theosophy and organic hand-creams
Plato’s ideas about the eternal world of perfect Forms provided a template upon which Christian philosophers could build their vision of the eternal, transcendent realm of God. (more...)
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The Paradoxes of Zeno of Elea

Does an arrow really fly?
Zeno of Elea (490-430 BC) is famous for his paradoxes that seem to prove, among other points, that no movement is possible. If an arrow in flight is standing still whenever we take a photograph of it, when is it actually moving? (more...)
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Novalis and the Romantic View of the World

From the Romantics to modern science
German Romantics, much like their English counterparts, valued spontaneity and naturalness, in part as a reaction to the beginning loss of the natural world due to industrialisation and urbanisation. (more...)
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What is ethics?

Of means and ends
Ethics is the study of how we ought to behave, and why. There are many different theories of ethics, which we briefly discuss in this article. (more...)
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What Is Deontological Ethics?

Immanuel Kant and not looking at outcomes
Deontological ethics is about actions that must be performed (or must not be performed) because the actions themselves are intrinsically good or bad. (more...)
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Aristotle's Highest Good

In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle argues that we can recognise the highest good because we do everything else for its sake, while we never say that we pursue the highest good for any other thing’s sake. For Aristotle, the highest good is the happy life. (more...)
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Hannah Arendt on work and being human

Labour, work and action
Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) distinguishes three types of work; Labor, work, and action. (more...)
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Abortion: The Unconscious Violinist Argument

Judith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of Abortion
Is abortion ethical? Philosopher Judith Jarvis Thomson created one of the most well-known thought experiments in modern ethics. In her 1971 paper “A Defense of Abortion,” she presents the thought experiment of the unconscious violinist. (more...)
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Peter Singer's Drowning Child

Are we required to save lives if we can?
Peter Singer’s Drowning Child thought experiment: If, on the way to the office, we saw a child drowning in a pond, would we think that we have to save it? (more...)
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What Is a Stoic Person?

Learning to control one’s mind
A Stoic is an adherent of Stoicism, an ancient Greek and Roman philosophy of life. Stoics thought that, in order to be happy, we must learn to distinguish between what we can control and what we cannot. (more...)
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Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love

What is love made of?
Robert Sternberg thinks that we can best describe love as composed of three “primary” components that combine to produce all the kinds of love that we observe around us: intimacy, passion and decision or commitment. (more...)
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St Augustine on the Function and Pleasure of Sex

The real cost of pure pleasure
For St Augustine, the pleasure inherent in any activity is good as long as the activity is performed because of its intended function. (more...)
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Classic Utilitarianism

Is happiness all that counts?
Utilitarianism is a moral theory that states that the morally right action maximizes happiness or benefit and minimizes pain or harm for all stakeholders. Proponents of classic utilitarianism are Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). (more...)
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Confucius on Loyalty and Betrayal

Would you send your father to prison?
For Confucius, one’s personal loyalties to family, friends, co-workers and superiors are more important than the rules of some abstract ethical theory. (more...)
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Kant on Autonomy and Human Rights

Are humans meant to be free?
The theory of evolution changed our understanding of our own humanity, but overlooks that we are able to act against our instincts and to be truly free. (more...)
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Thales of Miletus

A stroll through the history of philosophy
Thales of Miletus is generally cited as one of the first philosophers, although his contributions extended to many sciences and even to business endeavors. (more...)
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Aristotle and the Roots of Deep Ecology

Modern ecological ethics reaches back to Aristotle and his idea that the flourishing of any one thing is dependent on the flourishing of everything else. (more...)
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Life Is a Skill

Aristotle's Eudaimonia
Aristotle on living a life well through exercising one’s virtues. (more...)
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Kant's Ethics in 5 Minutes

What is a Categorical Imperative?
Kant’s ethics is based on the value of one’s motivation and two so-called Categorical Imperatives, or general rules that must apply to every action. (more...)
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Aristotle on moral development

The three types of human beings
For Aristotle, the moral development of a person progresses in three stages: from akrates, to enkrates, to sophron or wise person. (more...)
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Love is All Around

Eryximachos’ views in Plato’s Symposion
In Plato’s Symposion, the doctor Eryximachos says that love is the harmony of opposites. This resonates with beliefs in the traditional medicine of many cultures, as well as with our concept of a “balanced” person. (more...)
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September 26: Happy Birthday, Martin Heidegger!

September 26: Martin Heidegger’s Birthday (1889-1976) (more...)
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Can love be forever?

In Plato’s Symposium, Plato defines love as the desire for the eternal possession of the good. (more...)
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Freedom is always the freedom to think otherwise

Rosa Luxemburg today
Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919), socialist revolutionary, once said: “Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks differently.” (more...)
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March 28: Thales Predicts a Solar Eclipse

March 28, 585 BC - Really?
On March 28, 585 BC, Thales of Miletus was supposed to have observed an eclipse of the Sun. A short history of the difficulty of knowing the date. (more...)
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Gilbert Ryle (1900-1976)

Are philosophers like map-makers?
Gilbert Ryle (1900-1976) was a British philosopher, primarily concerned with the nature of the mind and the role of philosophy in the world. (more...)
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Aristotle’s Four Causes

Aristotle on knowledge and purpose
Aristotle distinguishes four causes which determine the nature and purpose of every thing: the “material”, the “formal”, the “efficient” and the “final” or “teleological” causes. (more...)

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Podcast Episodes [all]

  • 031. Free Speech and Twitter
  • 030. Is Watching True Crime Immoral?
  • 029. Deep and Balanced Virtues - Lunchtime Thoughts
  • 028. Can We Control Our Emotions? - Lunchtime Thoughts
  • 027. Abolishing Work
[All Episodes]

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